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Architecture of EuropeWelcome to European architecture. The most popular titles organized by topic. We are in the process of adding more, so please Add World-Luxury to your favorites. European Architecture for the Home
European ArchitectureRomanesque (English Norman) 11th and 12th CenturiesThe first pronounced church building followed the end of the persecution of Christians in the fourth and fifth centuries. The original Basilica of St. Peter was built by Constantine around 330. The Romanesque style, i.e., based on Roman, emerges from roughly the 11th and 12th centuries. The arches were semicircular and the walls were thick and heavy with interior bays. The naves had stone vaults rather than wooden roofs. During this period there was a great expansion of building, they became larger and more "Roman." Their outsides were decorated with sculpture. Gothic Cathedrals and Architecture 1150-1400The period from 1150-1250 is often called the Age of the great Cathedrals. The arches become pointed giving the spaces a soaring lightness with ribbed vaulting, flying buttresses and steep roofs. The style started in France and spread, but by the 13th century, more regional styles emerged. Renaissance 1400 to 1600This was a period of great change including the fall of Constantinople, the journeys of exploration to the new world, and the reformation. Renaissance architecture draws on classical orders and design, repetition of elements and delicate carving. Brunelleschi, Filippo 1377-1446Filippo Brunelleschi started as a sculptor. In Rome he studied classical structures. By 1419 he was competing with Ghiberti to build the Florence Cathedral dome. The mere size made it an engineering feat. By building 2 separate shells he was able to eliminate weight and therefore, the trusswork. From this success he went on to design his own buildings. Mannerism and Baroque 1600-1750Neo-Classical 1750Robert Adam 1728-177792He was one of the great architects of Great Britain and ushered in the Neo-Classical. He was part of a family of architects that included his father, William Adam, and his brother, James Adam. He designed the interiors of some of the great houses and has a deserved reputation as an influential furniture designer. Nineteenth CenturySir Edwin Lutyens 1869-1944: His designs for English country houses include hip and gable roofs and rustic stonework. They range from picturesque to Renaissance and Classical. Modern ArchitectureBauhausBauhaus is the architectural school of Walter Gropius founded in Germany in 1919. It turned technology into art with the experimental use of metal and glass. The first major building, Adolf Sommerfeld's 1922 house in Berlin is filled with Expressionist details, carved banisters and zig-zag patterned walls. The object was to expose the beauty of the machine-built object. Le Corbusier 1887-1965: Swiss-born Le Corbusier (1887-1965) is one of the greatest architects of the 20th century. Richard Rogers 1933- : British architect best known for the Centre Pompidou built with Renzo Piano in Paris in 1977 and Lloyd's of London headquarters in 1986. Go to:Add World-Luxury to your favorites
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